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    • 专利摘要:
    voltage inverter and command process of such an inverter. The invention relates to a voltage inverse capable of operation in the event of a short circuit or open circuit failure. To this end, the voltage inverter according to the invention comprises: a load (1) comprising three phases (2,3,4), each phase having a first terminal (5,6,7) and a second terminal - a first and a second cell (12,13) each comprising three arms connected parallel to each other, each arm comprising two switching means (q1 / q4, q2 / q5, q3 / q6, q7 / q10, q8 / q11, q9 / q12), connected in series and a midpoint (20,21, 22, 23, 24, 25) positioning between the two switching means (q1 / q4, q2 / q5) , q3 / q6, q7 / q10, q8 / q11, q9 / q12), each first terminal (5, 6, 7) of each phase being connected to one of the first cell midpoints (20,21,22) (12) each second terminal (8,9,10) of each of the phases being connected to one of the midpoints (23, 24, 25) of the second cell (13), - a voltage source (11), the first and the second cell being each connected to the continuous source by two means of electrical isolation (q13, q14, q 15, q16).
    公开号:BR112012032072B1
    申请号:R112012032072-6
    申请日:2011-05-25
    公开日:2019-11-26
    发明作者:Cédric Balpe
    申请人:Hispano-Suiza；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    "VOLTAGE INVERTER AND CONTROL PROCESS OF SUCH INVERTER" TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0001] The present invention relates to a voltage tolerant to breakdowns. Such an inverter is designed to allow the conversion of a continuous voltage into one or more alternating voltages, reversible in power. The present invention also relates to a process for controlling such an inverter.
    STATUS OF THE PREVIOUS TECHNIQUE [0002] Numerous inverters are used to convert a continuous voltage into one or more alternating voltages, and this is particularly so in the aeronautical field.
    [0003] Such an inverter is usually connected to the terminals of a DC voltage source and it transforms the DC voltage into AC voltage to supply a three-phase AC load. This alternating load can be a three-phase alternating current machine, such as a permanent magnet synchronous motor. Generally, such a voltage inverter comprises three branches, each of which comprises two electrical switching means connected to the DC source. For each of the three branches, the midpoint of the switching means is connected to a phase of the alternating three-phase load. The switching means are generally formed by a static switch and an anti-parallel diode.
    [0004] Now, in the aeronautical field in particular, safety and reliability are paramount. It is for this reason that such an inverter must be able to continue operating despite the presence of one or more internal failures.
    [0005] Thus, the state of the art knows several configurations that allow the inverter to function despite the presence of one or more defects. FR2892243, in particular, describes a fault-tolerant inverter which on the other hand comprises a fourth branch connected to the voltage source. This fourth branch has two switching means connected in series and a midpoint. The midpoint of this fourth branch is connected to the charge neutral. In normal operation of the inverter, the fourth branch is inactive. But, in case of failure in one of the three other branches, the fourth branch becomes active and it allows to control the potential of the load neutral in order to be able to control the load in the two failed branches via the
    2/15 neutral point of the load. Thus, in the case of an electrical rotating machine load, the continuity of the rotating field and therefore the production of torque is ensured.
    [0006] The presence of this fourth branch therefore allows the inverter to function well in the event of failure of one of these branches. However, with the solution presented in this document, in case of failure in one of the branches, the loads only work in two phases, which leads to a loss of power from the permanent magnet synchronous motor, and therefore to a loss of torque or then to a previous oversizing of the engine.
    EXPOSURE OF THE INVENTION [0007] The invention aims to correct the drawbacks of the state of the art by proposing an inverter for which operation is possible despite the presence of internal failures.
    [0008] Another object of the invention is to propose an inverter that does not cause loss of motor torque, even in case of internal failure.
    [0009] Another object of the invention is to propose a high availability inverter that has a reduced volume.
    [0010] Another object of the invention is to propose a voltage inverter that can run at low speed without worrying about overcurrent.
    [0011] To do this, a voltage inverter is proposed according to a first aspect of the invention, comprising:
    [0012] - A load comprising n phases, each phase having a first terminal and a second terminal;
    [0013] - A first and a second cell comprising each of them n branches, each branch comprising:
    [0014] two switching means connected in series, each switching means being able to be placed in a pass-through or blocking state, [0015] a midpoint positioned between the two switching means, [0016] each first terminal each phase of the load being connected to one of the midpoints of the first cell, each second terminal of each of the
    3/15 phases of the load being connected to one of the midpoints of the second cell, [0017] - A voltage source, [0018] when no fault is detected, the control process comprises the following steps:
    [0019] - Putting the electrical isolation means connected to the first cell into a blocked state, [0020] - Control of the switching means of the first cell so that the first cell forms a neutral point to which the n phases are connected of the load, [0021] - Placement in a state of passage of the electrical isolation means connected to the second cell;
    [0022] - Control of the switching means of the second cell so that the two switching means of the same branch of the second cell are in opposite states, one being through and the other blocked.
    [0023] The inverter according to the invention is especially notable for the fact that it does not comprise permanent neutral. In fact, unlike inverters in the prior art, the different phases of the charge are not connected to a permanent neutral point, but to two cells, the first and the second cells that are identical.
    [0024] The n branches that belong to the same cell are preferably connected in parallel.
    [0025] The inverter according to the invention has two possible normal operating modes:
    [0026] - According to a first mode of operation, each phase of the load forms with the two branches to which it is connected, a bridge in H. In this case, the inverter according to the invention works without neutral;
    [0027] - According to a second mode of operation, one of the two cells of the inverter is isolated from the voltage source and its switching means are such that this cell forms a neutral point, to which the n phases of the load are connected.
    [0028] In the event of a defect in one of the cells of the inverter, this fault cell is transformed into a neutral point, thanks to the switching means of that cell, and isolates
    4/15 if that neutral point of the voltage source thanks to the electrical isolation means that are connected to that cell. Thus, when a cell is faulty, that cell becomes a neutral point to which the n phases of the charge are connected. The n phases of the charge can then continue to function normally via the non-failing cell. The assembly according to the invention therefore allows the use of all phases in the event of a defect in one of the branches, which makes it possible not to lose power in the event of a defect in one of the inverter branches. So in the case of a machine-type load electric rotary, ensures the continuity of the rotating field and therefore the production of torque.
    [0029] In case of an open circuit defect in one of the load phases, the means of communication of the two branches that are connected to the defective phase are opened, so that the open circuit phase is disconnected from the voltage source . The inverter according to the invention only works in this case with the n-1 phases of the load that are not faulty.
    [0030] The inverter according to the invention is especially advantageous, because whatever the number of phases of the load, only four means of electrical isolation are used.
    [0031] On the other hand, the inverter according to the invention uses a single voltage source and therefore allows an economy in the number of components used. [0032] The invention relates more particularly to the case where n is equal to 3. [0033] The load is preferably a three-phase alternating load, and even more preferably a permanent magnet synchronous motor.
    [0034] The voltage source is preferably a source of continuous voltage. This voltage source has traditionally come from the rectification of the plane's electrical network; the voltage source can also be directly a DC voltage network.
    [0035] Advantageously, each switching means consists of a static switch and an anti-parallel diode.
    [0036] Advantageously, the static switch for each switching means is a transistor or a thyristor.
    5/15 [0037] Advantageously, each electrical isolation means is a two-way switch.
    [0038] According to a very preferred embodiment, the inverter according to the invention also comprises a fault control and monitoring device for:
    [0039] - control the means of switching and the means of electrical isolation;
    [0040] - detect the failure of one of the switching means and [0041] - detect the failure of the connection between one of the terminals of one of the phases and one of the midpoints.
    [0042] According to different embodiments:
    [0043] - the control and monitoring device may consist of several elementary control and monitoring units, each elementary control and monitoring unit being in charge of a switching means or an electrical isolation means;
    [0044] - the control and monitoring device can consist of a single control and monitoring unit that is in charge of all means of switching and all means of electrical isolation.
    [0045] Advantageously, the control and monitoring device is suitable for controlling the state of the switching means and the electrical isolation means.
    [0046] According to a preferred embodiment, each midpoint is on the other hand connected to a neutral point by means of a switching element, the switching element being able to be placed in a blocking state or in a transition state .
    [0047] These connections from the midpoints to a neutral point are especially advantageous in the event of a non-frank short-circuit in one of the switching media. In fact, in the event of a short circuit in one of the switching means, this short circuit is taken advantage of to transform the cell to which the switching medium belongs in a short-circuit in neutral point. Now, if the short circuit is not complete, this can cause an unbalance of the load. In order to correct this problem, all
    6/15 points average to a neutral point by means of switching elements. In normal operation, all switching elements are in a locked state, so that the midpoints are not electrically connected to the neutral. On the other hand, in the event of a short circuit in one of the switching means, the midpoint of the branch to which it belongs is automatically connected to neutral by placing the switching element to which it is connected in a pass-through state. In this way, the short circuit is forced and therefore the cell in which the switching medium is short-circuited, always forms a perfect neutral point.
    [0048] Advantageously, the control and monitoring device is also suitable for detecting a failure in one of the switching elements.
    [0049] Advantageously, the control and monitoring device is also suitable for controlling the switching elements in order to place them in a blocking state or in a pass-through state.
    [0050] The invention also relates to a process for controlling an inverter according to the invention, according to which, when no fault is detected, the control process comprises the following steps:
    [0051] - Putting the electrical isolation means connected to the first cell into a blocked state, [0052] - Control of the switching means of the first cell so that the first cell forms a neutral point to which the n phases are connected of the load, [0053] - Placement in a state of passage of the means of electrical isolation connected to the second cell;
    [0054] - Control of the switching means of the second cell so that the two switching means of the same branch of the second cell are in opposite states, one being through and the other blocking.
    [0055] Thus, according to this process, when no fault is detected, and therefore the inverter is in normal operation, one of the two cells, which is called the first cell here, but which could also be the second cell since the inverter according to the invention is fully symmetrical, is transformed into a neutral point to which all phases of the
    7/15 charge. This neutral point is isolated from the voltage source thanks to the electrical isolation means. The second cell, that is to say the one that is not transformed into a neutral point, continues to function as the cells of the prior art, that is to say that the switching means of each of these branches are placed alternately in opposite states. Thus, in accordance with this embodiment, the inverter according to the invention works, in the absence of failure, like the inverters of the prior art which comprised a single cell consisting of three branches, the midpoint of each branch being connected to a loading phase.
    [0056] According to another embodiment, the invention also relates to a process for controlling a voltage inverter according to the invention, in which, when no fault is detected, the control process comprises the following steps :
    [0057] - Putting in a state of passage of all means of electrical isolation;
    [0058] - Control of the switching means so that each phase forms with the two branches to which it is connected an H bridge.
    [0059] According to this other embodiment, the load works without neutral. In fact, each phase is linked to two midpoints, each midpoint belonging to one of the branches of one of the cells.
    [0060] "H-bridge" means an assembly known to the professional, in which the phase forms the horizontal bar of the H, and a branch of each cell forms the vertical branches of the H.
    [0061] In this operating mode, the switching means are preferably operated two by two:
    [0062] - the upper switching medium of the first cell branch is in the same state as the lower switching medium of the second cell branch;
    [0063] - the lower switching medium of the first cell branch is in the same state as the upper switching medium of the second cell branch;
    [0064] - the switching means of the same branch are in opposite states.
    [0065] This H-bridged embodiment allows better use
    8/15 of the available voltage range, and with equal power, less current is used than with the control process according to the previous embodiment.
    [0066] The invention also relates to a voltage inverter control process in which, when a fault is detected in one of the switching means, the control process comprises the following steps:
    [0067] - Placing in a state of blocking of the electrical isolation means that are connected to the cell to which the faulty switching means belongs;
    [0068] - Control of the other switching means of the cell to which the faulty switching medium belongs so that the cell to which the faulty switching medium belongs forms a neutral point to which the n phases of the load are connected.
    [0069] Thus, according to this process, in the event of a defect in one of the switching means, the other switching means of the cell to which the defective switching medium belongs is controlled, so that the cell to which the defective switchgear belongs to form a neutral point, to which all the load phases are connected. In this way, even if one of the switching means is defective, it is possible to continue using all phases of the load.
    [0070] The invention also relates to an inverter control process such that, when a fault is detected in the connection between one of the terminals of one of the phases and one of the midpoints, the control process comprises the following step:
    [0071] - Putting in a blocked state the switching means that are connected to the phase that belongs to the failed connection.
    [0072] In this way, when one of the load phases is in open circuit, the two branches to which it is connected are opened and it is then possible to continue using all the other phases of the load.
    [0073] The invention also refers to a process for controlling an inverter according to the invention such that, when a short-circuit defect is detected in one of the switching means, the switching element to which the medium is connected switching circuit is placed in the pass-through state.
    [0074] The invention also relates to an inverter control process
    9/15 according to the invention such that, when no short-circuit defect is detected in the switching means, all switching elements are placed in the locked state.
    [0075] Advantageously, the control and monitoring device of the inverter according to the invention is suitable for performing the steps of the control processes described above.
    BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES [0076] Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will be highlighted by reading the description that follows, with reference to the attached figures, which illustrate: [0077] - figure 1, a schematic representation of a voltage inverter of according to an embodiment of the invention;
    [0078] - figure 2, a schematic representation of the voltage inverter of figure 1 in the event of a short circuit in one of the switching means;
    [0079] - figure 3, a schematic representation of the voltage inverter of figure 1 in case of an open circuit in one of the switching means;
    [0080] - figure 4, a schematic representation of the voltage inverter of figure 1 in case of an open circuit defect in the connection between one of the load phases and one of the branches of one of the inverter cells;
    [0081] - figure 5, a schematic representation of a voltage inverter according to an embodiment of the invention, [0082] - figure 6, a schematic representation of the inverter of figure 1 according to a first operating mode normal, [0083] - figure 7, a schematic representation of the inverter in figure 1 according to a second normal operation mode.
    [0084] For clarity, identical or similar elements are referenced by identical reference signs in the set of figures.
    DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF AN EMBODIMENT [0085] Figure 1 represents a voltage inverter according to an embodiment of the invention. This voltage inverter is a three-phase inverter designed to modulate the electrical energy exchanged between two sources of electrical energy
    10/15 one is a voltage source 11 and the other a three-phase alternating load 1.
    Such an inverter can be bidirectional in power.
    [0086] Load 1 comprises three phases 2, 3 and 4 respectively. Load 1 is preferably a permanent magnet synchronous motor.
    [0087] Each phase comprises a first terminal, respectively 5, 6 and 7 and a second terminal, respectively 8, 9 and 10.
    [0088] The voltage inverter also comprises a first cell 12 and a second cell 13. Each cell 12, 13 comprises three branches, respectively 14, 15, 16 and 17, 18, 19. The three branches of each cell are connected between in parallel.
    [0089] Each branch comprises two switching means Q1 / Q4, Q2 / Q5, Q3 / Q6, Q7 / Q10, Q8 / Q11, Q9 / Q12. The switching means of the same branch are connected in series. Between two switching means of the same branch there is a midpoint 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25.
    [0090] Each switching means can be placed in a pass-through or blocking state.
    [0091] Each switching means preferably consists of a static switch T and a diode D in antiparallel. The static switch is preferably a transistor, for example of the IGBT type (bipolar isolated transistor), or a thyristor.
    [0092] Each first terminal 5, 6, 7 of each phase is connected to one and only one of the midpoints of the first cell, respectively 20, 21, 22.
    [0093] Each first second terminal 8, 9, 10 of each phase is connected to one and only one of the midpoints of the second cell, respectively 23, 24, 25.
    [0094] Each phase 2, 3, 4 therefore forms a point in H. with one of the branches of the first cell and one of the branches of the second cell.
    [0095] The first cell 12 is connected to the + terminal of the voltage source 11 by means of a first electrical isolation means Q13. The first cell 12 is connected to the terminal - of the voltage source 11 by means of a second electrical isolation means Q14.
    [0096] The second cell 13 is connected to the + terminal of the voltage source 11 by
    11/15 by means of a third electrical insulating means Q15. The second cell 13 is connected to the terminal - of the voltage source through a fourth means of electrical isolation Q16.
    [0097] Each means of electrical isolation can be placed in a pass-through state or in a blocking state.
    [0098] Each electrical isolation means is preferably constituted by a switch that is bidirectional since the current is alternated.
    [0099] The inverter according to the invention may furthermore comprise a filtering stage 26 arranged between the voltage source 11 and the first and second cells 12, 13.
    [00100] This filter stage 26 preferably comprises two inductances 27, 28 in series with the voltage source 11 and a capacity 29 in parallel with the voltage source 11.
    [00101] The voltage inverter described above can operate according to two normal operating modes in the absence of a fault.
    [00102] According to the first normal operating mode, shown in figure 6, one of the cells, either the first cell or the second cell, forms a neutral point, while the inverter works with the other cell, as in the inverters of prior art.
    [00103] In the sequence, it will be assumed that the neutral point is formed by the second cell 13, but the same description could be made in the case where the neutral point was formed by the first cell since the two cells are perfectly identical.
    [00104] In this case, the two electrical isolation means Q15 and Q16 that connect the second cell 13 to the voltage source 11 are placed in a locked state so that the second cell 13 is disconnected from the voltage source 11. For on the other hand, the switching means Q7 to Q12 of the second cell 13 are in such a state that the second cell 13 forms a neutral point to which the three phases 2, 3, 4 of the load are connected.
    [00105] For this, the upper switching means Q7, Q8, Q9 are placed
    12/15 in a blocking state, while the lower switching means Q10, Q11, Q12 are placed in a pass-through state, or the other way around.
    [00106] The first cell 12, it, works as in the prior art inverters. Thus, according to a preferred embodiment, the switching means of the same branch are in opposite states, one being blocking, while the other is passing.
    [00107] According to the second normal operating mode, shown in figure 7, the voltage inverter works without a neutral point. In this case, the four electrical isolation means Q13, Q14, Q15, Q16 are in a pass-through state.
    [00108] On the other hand, each phase forms with the two branches to which it is connected an H-bridge in which the two switching means of the same branch are in opposite states, one passing through while the other is in a state Block.
    [00109] Thus, phase 2 forms with the branches 14 and 19 a first bridge in H. Phase 3 forms with the branches 15 and 18 a second bridge in H. Phase 4 forms with branches 16 and 17 a third bridge in H.
    [00110] On the other hand, when the upper switching medium of a branch of the first cell is in a pass-through state, the lower switching medium of the branch of the second cell which belongs to the same H-bridge is also in a pass-through state .
    [00111] Thus, when the switching means Q1 and Q12 are in a pass-through state, the switching means Q4 and Q9 are in a blocking state and inversely.
    [00112] Likewise, when switching means Q2 and Q11 are in a pass-through state, switching means Q5 and Q8 are in a blocking state and vice versa.
    [00113] Likewise, when switching means Q3 and Q10 are in a pass-through state, switching means Q6 and Q7 are in a blocking state and vice versa.
    13/15 [00114] This normal operating mode without a neutral point is especially advantageous as it allows to invert the voltage polarity at the terminals of each phase and the voltage inverter can then operate in a greater voltage range. Thus, according to this operating mode, the voltage range is twice as large as according to the normal operating mode described above, meaning that the voltage range is equal to twice the voltage range of the voltage source 11.
    [00115] Figure 2 represents the state of assembly of figure 1 in the event of a defect, and more particularly in the event of a short circuit in the switching medium Q10.
    [00116] In this case, the two other switching means which belong to the same cell 13 as the short-circuit switching means Q10 and which are connected to the short-circuit switching means Q10, that is to say Q11 and Q12, are closed (or in a passing state).
    [00117] The switching means that belong to the same cell 13 q as the short-circuit switching means Q10, and which are opposite to the short-circuit switching means, ie Q7, Q8, Q9, are open (or in a blocked state).
    [00118] The electrical isolation means Q15 and Q16 that connect the cell 13 to which the switching medium Q10 belongs, are short-circuited so that cell 13 to which the switching medium Q10 belongs fault is electrically isolated from voltage source 11.
    [00119] In this way, the cell 13 to which the faulty switching medium belongs forms a neutral point to which the three phases 2, 3, 4 of load 1 are connected. The Inverter according to the invention can then continue to operate using for this the three phases of the load, despite the presence of a short circuit in one of the cells, and therefore there is no loss of power despite the presence of a short circuit in one of the switching means.
    [00120] In this case, the other cell, which is here the first cell 12, continues to function normally, that is to say that the two switching means of the same branch are in opposite states to each other, one being blocking while the other is passing.
    14/15 [00121] Figure 3 represents the inverter of figure 1 in case of an open circuit in one of the switching means, which is the switching means Q10 here.
    [00122] In this case, the switching means belonging to the same cell 13 as the open circuit switching means Q10 and which are connected to the open circuit switching means Q10, that is to say Q11 and Q12, are placed in a state of passage.
    [00123] The switching means belonging to the same cell 13 as the switching means Q10 in open circuit and which are opposed to the switching means Q10 in open circuit, that is to say Q7, Q8, Q9 are placed in a blocking state.
    [00124] The isolation means Q15 and Q16 connecting the cell 13 to which the open circuit switching medium belongs at the voltage source 11 are they placed in a blocking state so that the cell 13 is disconnected from the power source tension.
    [00125] Thus, as in the case of figure 2, the cell to which the defective Q10 switching medium belongs is transformed into a neutral point using the defective switching medium.
    [00126] The other cell 12 continues to function normally.
    [00127] Figure 4 represents the inverter of figure 1 and the case of an open circuit in one of the phases, which in this example is phase 2. More precisely, the connection between the terminal 5 of phase 2 of load 1 and the midpoint 20 branch 14 of the first cell is open circuit.
    [00128] In this case, all electrical switching means Q13, Q14, Q15, Q16 remain in a pass-through state.
    [00129] The switching means Q1, Q4, Q9, Q12 that are connected to phase 2 in open circuit are placed in a blocking state in order to disconnect faulty phase 2 from the rest of the circuit.
    [00130] The defective inverter then continues to work with the two other phases 3 and 4 that are not defective. Thus, these two phases are controlled by the switching means Q2, Q3, Q5, Q6, Q7, Q8, 10, Q11.
    [00131] Figure 5 represents an inverter according to another mode of
    15/15 realization of the invention. The inverter in figure 5 is identical to that in figure 1 but it also comprises six switching elements Q17 to Q22.
    [00132] The first three switching elements Q17 to Q19 connect the three midpoints 20, 21, 22 of the first cell 12 to a first neutral point 30. The three switching elements Q20 to Q22 connect the three midpoints 23, 24, 25 from the second cell to a second neutral point 31.
    [00133] Each switching element preferably consists of a switch.
    [00134] In normal operation of the inverter, the switching elements Q19 to Q22 are in a blocked state.
    [00135] In the event of a short circuit in one of the switching means, for example Q10, the switching element Q22 to which the middle point 25 of the branch to which Q10 belongs is connected is placed in a pass-through state so that the branch to which Q1à belongs is placed in a perfect short-circuit state. Thus, even if the short circuit of Q10 is not perfect, cell 13 to which Q1à belongs will be transformed into a perfect neutral point.
    [00136] The other switching elements Q20 and Q21 connecting the neutral points of the cell 13 to which the switching means Q10 belongs in short-circuit can also be placed in a pass-through condition as long as one of the switching means of cell 13 is short-circuited.
    [00137] In the event of an open circuit defect, the switching elements remain in the locked state.
    [00138] In the event of a short circuit defect in one of the load phases, for example in phase 2, the switching elements Q17 and Q20 that are connected to that phase can be placed in the pass-through state.
    [00139] Naturally, the invention is not limited to the embodiments described with reference to the figures and variants can be considered without departing from the scope of the present invention.
    权利要求:
    Claims (9)
    [1]
    1. A voltage inverter comprising:
    - a load (1) comprising n phases (2, 3, 4), each phase (2, 3, 4) having a first terminal (5, 6, 7) and a second terminal (8, 9, 10);
    - a first cell (12) and a second cell (13), each comprising n branches (14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19), each branch comprising:
    • two switching means (Q1 / Q4, Q2 / Q5, Q3 / Q6, Q7 / Q10, Q8 / Q11, Q9 / Q12) connected in series, each switching means can be placed in a pass-through or in a state interlocking, • a midpoint (20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25) positioned between the two switching means, each first terminal (5, 6, 7) of each of the phases (2, 3, 4) of the load being connected to one of the midpoints (20, 21, 22) of the first cell (12), each second terminal (8, 9, 10) of each of the phases (2, 3, 4) of the load being connected to one of the midpoints (23, 24, 25) of the second cell (13),
    - a voltage source (11), characterized by the fact that the first cell is connected to the positive terminal of the voltage source through a first means of electrical isolation and to the negative terminal of the voltage source through a second means of electrical isolation, and in which the second cell is connected to the positive terminal of the voltage source through a third electrical isolation medium and to the negative terminal through a fourth electrical isolation medium, each electrical isolation medium can be placed in a pass-through or blocking state, and where the voltage inverter further comprises a fault monitoring and control device configured to:
    - control the switching means and the electrical isolation means;
    - detecting a failure in one of the switching means, and
    - detect a failure in the connection between one of the terminals of one of the phases and one of the midpoints.
    Petition 870190082320, of 23/08/2019, p. 6/18
    [2]
    2/6
    2. Voltage inverter according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that each switching means (Q1 / Q4, Q2 / Q5, Q3 / Q6, Q7 / Q10, Q8 / Q11, Q9 / Q12) consists of a static switch (T) and an anti-parallel diode (D).
    [3]
    3. Voltage inverter comprising:
    - a load (1) comprising n phases (2, 3, 4), each phase (2, 3, 4) having a first terminal (5, 6, 7) and a second terminal (8, 9, 10);
    - a first cell (12) and a second cell (13), each comprising n branches (14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19), each branch comprising:
    • two switching means (Q1 / Q4, Q2 / Q5, Q3 / Q6, Q7 / Q10, Q8 / Q11, Q9 / Q12) connected in series, each switching means can be placed in a pass-through or in a state interlocking, • a midpoint (20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25) positioned between the two switching means, each first terminal (5, 6, 7) of each of the phases (2, 3, 4) of the load being connected to one of the midpoints (20, 21, 22) of the first cell (12), each second terminal (8, 9, 10) of each of the phases (2, 3, 4) of the load being connected to one of the midpoints (23, 24, 25) of the second cell (13),
    - a voltage source (11), characterized by the fact that the first cell is connected to the positive terminal of the voltage source through a first means of electrical isolation and to the negative terminal of the voltage source through a second means of electrical isolation, and in which the second cell is connected to the positive terminal of the voltage source through a third electrical isolation medium and to the negative terminal through a fourth electrical isolation medium, each electrical isolation medium being able to be placed in a pass-through or blocking state, where each midpoint (20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25) is connected to a neutral point (30, 31) by means of a switching element (Q17 , Q18, Q19, Q20,
    Petition 870190082320, of 23/08/2019, p. 7/18
    3/6
    Q21, Q22), the switching element can be placed in a blocking state or in a pass-through state.
    [4]
    4. Control process of a voltage inverter that includes
    - a load (1) comprising n phases (2, 3, 4), each phase (2, 3, 4) having a first terminal (5, 6, 7) and a second terminal (8, 9, 10);
    - a first cell (12) and a second cell (13), each comprising n branches (14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19), each branch comprising:
    • two switching means (Q1 / Q4, Q2 / Q5, Q3 / Q6, Q7 / Q10, Q8 / Q11, Q9 / Q12) connected in series, each switching means can be placed in a pass-through or in a state interlocking, • a midpoint (20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25) positioned between the two switching means, each first terminal (5, 6, 7) of each of the phases (2, 3, 4) of the load being connected to one of the midpoints (20, 21, 22) of the first cell (12), each second terminal (8, 9, 10) of each of the phases (2, 3, 4) of the load being connected to one of the midpoints (23, 24, 25) of the second cell (13),
    - a voltage source (11), in which the first cell is connected to the positive terminal of the voltage source by means of a first electrical insulation means and to the negative terminal of the voltage source by means of a second electrical insulation means, and in which the second cell is connected to the positive terminal of the voltage source by means of a third means of electrical isolation and to the negative terminal by means of a fourth means of electrical isolation, each means of electrical isolation being able to be placed in a state of passage or in a blocking state, characterized by the fact that, when no internal failure is detected in said voltage inverter, the process comprises:
    - put the electrical isolation means (Q13, Q14) connected to the first cell (12) into a blocked state,
    - control the switching means (Q1, Q2, Q3, Q4, Q5, Q6) of the first cell (12) so that the first cell (12) forms a neutral point at which
    Petition 870190082320, of 23/08/2019, p. 8/18
    4/6 connected to the n phases (2, 3, 4) of the load (1),
    - place the electrical isolation means (Q15, Q16) connected to the second cell (13) in a pass-through state;
    - control the switching means (Q7, Q8, Q9, Q10, Q11, Q12) of the second cell (13) so that the two switching means of the same branch (Q7 / Q10, Q8 / Q11, Q9 / Q12) of the second cell (13) are in opposite states, one in passing and the other in blockage.
    [5]
    5. Control process of a voltage inverter as defined in claim 1, characterized by the fact that, when no internal failure is detected in one of the switching means (Q10) of said voltage inverter, the control process comprises:
    - put the four electrical isolation means (Q13, Q14, Q15, Q16) in a pass-through state;
    - control the switching means (Q1 to Q12) so that each phase (2, 3, 4) forms with two branches to which it is connected an H bridge.
    [6]
    6. Process of controlling a voltage inverter that includes
    - a load (1) comprising n phases (2, 3, 4), each phase (2, 3, 4) having a first terminal (5, 6, 7) and a second terminal (8, 9, 10);
    - a first cell (12) and a second cell (13), each comprising n branches (14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19), each branch comprising:
    • two switching means (Q1 / Q4, Q2 / Q5, Q3 / Q6, Q7 / Q10, Q8 / Q11, Q9 / Q12) connected in series, each switching means can be placed in a pass-through or in a state interlocking, • a midpoint (20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25) positioned between the two switching means, each first terminal (5, 6, 7) of each of the phases (2, 3, 4) of the load being connected to one of the midpoints (20, 21, 22) of the first cell (12), each second terminal (8, 9, 10) of each of the phases (2, 3, 4) of the load being connected to one of the midpoints (23, 24, 25) of the second cell (13),
    - a voltage source (11),
    Petition 870190082320, of 23/08/2019, p. 9/18
    5/6 in which the first cell is connected to the positive terminal of the voltage source through a first electrical isolation medium and to the negative terminal of the voltage source through a second electrical insulation medium, and in which the second cell it is connected to the positive terminal of the voltage source by means of a third means of electrical isolation and to the negative terminal by means of a fourth means of electrical isolation, each means of electrical isolation being able to be placed in a state of passage or in a state of blocking, characterized by the fact that, when a fault is detected in one of the switching means, the process comprises:
    - put the electrical isolation means (Q15, Q16) in a blocked state that are connected to the first or second cell (13) to which the faulty switching means (Q10) belongs;
    - control other switching means (Q7, Q8, Q9, Q11, Q12) of the first or second cell (13) to which the failed switching means (Q10) belongs so that the first or second cell (13) to which the faulty switching medium (Q10) belongs, form a neutral point to which the n phases (2, 3, 4) of the load (1) are connected.
    [7]
    7. Process for controlling a voltage inverter that includes
    - a load (1) comprising n phases (2, 3, 4), each phase (2, 3, 4) having a first terminal (5, 6, 7) and a second terminal (8, 9, 10);
    - a first cell (12) and a second cell (13), each comprising n branches (14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19), each branch comprising:
    • two switching means (Q1 / Q4, Q2 / Q5, Q3 / Q6, Q7 / Q10, Q8 / Q11, Q9 / Q12) connected in series, each switching means can be placed in a pass-through or in a state interlocking, • a midpoint (20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25) positioned between the two switching means, each first terminal (5, 6, 7) of each of the phases (2, 3, 4) of the load being connected to one of the midpoints (20, 21, 22) of the first cell (12), each second terminal (8, 9, 10) of each of the phases (2, 3, 4) of the load being connected to
    Petition 870190082320, of 23/08/2019, p. 10/18
    6/6 one of the midpoints (23, 24, 25) of the second cell (13),
    - a voltage source (11), in which the first cell is connected to the positive terminal of the voltage source by means of a first electrical insulation means and to the negative terminal of the voltage source by means of a second electrical insulation means, and in which the second cell is connected to the positive terminal of the voltage source by means of a third means of electrical isolation and to the negative terminal by means of a fourth means of electrical isolation, each means of electrical isolation being able to be placed in a state of passage or in a blocked state, characterized by the fact that, when a fault is detected in a connection between one of the terminals of one of the phases (2) and one of the midpoints (20), the control process comprises placing in a blocking state means the switching means (Q1, Q4, Q9, Q12) that are connected to the phase (2) that belongs to the failed connection.
    [8]
    8. Process for controlling a voltage inverter as defined in claim 3, characterized by the fact that when a short-circuit fault is detected in one of the switching means (Q10), the switching element (Q22) to which the short-circuit switching medium (Q10) is switched on and is switched on.
    [9]
    9. Control process of a voltage inverter as defined in claim 3, characterized by the fact that, when no short-circuit fault is detected in the switching media, all switching elements (Q17, Q18, Q19, Q20, Q21, Q22) are placed in the blocking state.
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    FR2961361B1|2013-07-12|
    BR112012032072A2|2016-11-08|
    WO2011157916A1|2011-12-22|
    RU2567738C2|2015-11-10|
    FR2961361A1|2011-12-16|
    CA2802323C|2018-04-17|
    ES2457741T3|2014-04-29|
    US8743573B2|2014-06-03|
    JP2013529055A|2013-07-11|
    RU2013100972A|2014-07-20|
    EP2580860B1|2014-01-22|
    CN102939714B|2015-08-19|
    CN102939714A|2013-02-20|
    US20130094266A1|2013-04-18|
    JP5797751B2|2015-10-21|
    CA2802323A1|2011-12-22|
    EP2580860A1|2013-04-17|
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    法律状态:
    2018-12-26| B06F| Objections, documents and/or translations needed after an examination request according [chapter 6.6 patent gazette]|
    2019-06-25| B06T| Formal requirements before examination [chapter 6.20 patent gazette]|
    2019-11-05| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|
    2019-11-26| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 25/05/2011, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. (CO) 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 25/05/2011, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1054690A|FR2961361B1|2010-06-14|2010-06-14|VOLTAGE INVERTER AND METHOD FOR CONTROLLING SUCH AS INVERTER|
    FR1054690|2010-06-14|
    PCT/FR2011/051177|WO2011157916A1|2010-06-14|2011-05-25|Voltage inverter and method of controlling such an inverter|
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